What are "transaction logs," and why are they important?

Transaction logs refer to the records that track user access and data queries within a system, specifically focusing on security measures. These logs are crucial as they provide an audit trail of who accessed the system, what data was queried, and when these actions occurred. This functionality is especially vital in environments like law enforcement, where the integrity and confidentiality of data must be maintained.

By monitoring user interactions with the database, organizations can detect unauthorized access and identify potential security breaches. This oversight ensures that sensitive information is protected and can aid in compliance with legal and regulatory standards. Additionally, transaction logs play a significant role in maintaining accountability among users accessing the system, ensuring that all actions are traceable and justifiable. This helps to both reinforce trust in the system and enhance overall security measures.

The other options do not encapsulate this specific focus on user access and data queries, making them less relevant in the context of transaction logs.